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L5 · MaterialsCritical mineral⬦ ChokepointDR Congo (mining) / China (refining)

Cobalt

Advanced-node interconnect metal from the DRC

Cobalt is increasingly used as an interconnect and liner/capping metal in advanced logic nodes (replacing/complementing tungsten and copper for reliability), and remains critical for batteries in datacenter backup power. Roughly 70% of mined cobalt comes from the Democratic Republic of Congo, with China dominating refining, creating combined ESG and geopolitical concentration risk. Its niche but growing role in leading-edge metallization ties it to the AI chip supply chain.

DRC mining share

~70% of global supply

Refining

China-dominated

Uses

Advanced-node interconnect, backup batteries

How it fits the stack

Cobalt with what it depends on (above) and what it feeds (below). The figure renders as a crawlable diagram and upgrades to an interactive 3D graph as it scrolls into view.

suppliesCobaltMaterialsTSMC (TaiwanSemiconductorManufacturing Company)chokepoint
CobaltFeeds ↓

Cobalt in the AI stack. Cobalt with its immediate upstream dependencies (top) and downstream dependents (bottom) in the AI value chain. Hover a node in 3D, or read the full relationships below.

Graph data (text) — 2 entities, 1 relationships
  • TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company)suppliesCobalt