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L5 · MaterialsCritical mineral⬦ ChokepointChina (dominant)

Gallium

Compound-semiconductor metal under Chinese export control

Gallium (as GaN and GaAs) is critical for power electronics, RF/5G, and increasingly for datacenter power delivery and high-efficiency switching used in AI infrastructure. China dominates roughly 90%+ of primary gallium production, and in 2023-2024 it imposed export licensing controls, then in December 2024 banned exports of gallium (and germanium, antimony) to the United States. This makes gallium a textbook geopolitical chokepoint with Western supply-diversification efforts still nascent in 2025-2026.

China share

~90%+ of primary gallium

Uses

GaN power electronics, GaAs RF, LEDs

Controls

2023 licensing; Dec 2024 US export ban

2025-26 status

Western supply diversification early-stage

How it fits the stack

Gallium with what it depends on (above) and what it feeds (below). The figure renders as a crawlable diagram and upgrades to an interactive 3D graph as it scrolls into view.

sourcessourcessuppliesGalliumMaterialsCoherentLumentumTSMC (TaiwanSemiconductorManufacturing Company)chokepoint
GalliumFeeds ↓

Gallium in the AI stack. Gallium with its immediate upstream dependencies (top) and downstream dependents (bottom) in the AI value chain. Hover a node in 3D, or read the full relationships below.

Graph data (text) — 4 entities, 3 relationships
  • CoherentsourcesGallium
  • LumentumsourcesGallium
  • TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company)suppliesGallium