GPU gray market / diversion
Illicit Nvidia-chip flows evading export controls
A multibillion-dollar gray market routes restricted Nvidia H100/H200/B200 GPUs into China via Singapore, Malaysia and the Middle East, prompting 2025 BIS enforcement, proposed chip-tracking legislation, and the on-again/off-again H20 China-sales saga. It is a live enforcement chokepoint shaping the compute balance.
Routes
Singapore, Malaysia, UAE
2025
H20 curbs on/off
How it fits the stack
GPU gray market / diversion with what it depends on (above) and what it feeds (below). The figure renders as a crawlable diagram and upgrades to an interactive 3D graph as it scrolls into view.
GPU gray market / diversion in the AI stack. GPU gray market / diversion with its immediate upstream dependencies (top) and downstream dependents (bottom) in the AI value chain. Hover a node in 3D, or read the full relationships below.
Graph data (text) — 3 entities, 2 relationships
- GPU gray market / diversion —sources→ Nvidia Data-Center GPU (Blackwell/Rubin)
- DeepSeek —depends on→ GPU gray market / diversion
Depends on ↑ · 1
Context — capital, rivals, policy · · 1