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L6 · PowerEnergy / power⬦ ChokepointUnited States

Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)

24/7 carbon-free baseload — hyperscalers' preferred long-term AI power source

Nuclear has become the marquee power source for AI, prized for its firm, carbon-free, 24/7 baseload output that matches always-on datacenter loads. In 2024-2025 hyperscalers signed a wave of deals: restarting retired reactors, buying output from existing plants, and pre-ordering small modular reactors (SMRs). SMRs (Oklo, NuScale, Kairos, X-energy, TerraPower) promise factory-built, sub-300MW units, but none are yet commercially operating in the US — first grid deployments are targeted for the late 2020s to early 2030s, making near-term nuclear supply a genuine chokepoint.

US SMRs operating today

0 (first units targeted ~2029-2032)

SMR unit size

typically <300 MWe, factory-built

Fuel constraint

HALEU enrichment supply (mostly Russia today)

Appeal for AI

firm 24/7 carbon-free baseload

How it fits the stack

Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs) with what it depends on (above) and what it feeds (below). The figure renders as a crawlable diagram and upgrades to an interactive 3D graph as it scrolls into view.

manufacturesdepends onmanufacturesmanufacturessuppliesmanufacturesdepends ondepends onusesdepends ondepends ondepends ondepends ondesignsdesignsNuclear Power (incl.SMRs)PowerGE VernovachokepointHALEU Enrichment FuelchokepointKairos PowerTerraPowerVistra CorpX-energyAI electricity demand/ grid strainchokepointAmazon Web Services(AWS)Constellation EnergyGoogle Cloud (GCP)Meta (AIInfrastructure)Microsoft AzureOracle CloudInfrastructure (OCI)NuScale PowerOklo
Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)Depends on ↑Feeds ↓Related

Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs) in the AI stack. Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs) with its immediate upstream dependencies (top) and downstream dependents (bottom) in the AI value chain. Hover a node in 3D, or read the full relationships below.

Graph data (text) — 16 entities, 15 relationships
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)manufacturesGE Vernova
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)depends onHALEU Enrichment Fuel
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)manufacturesKairos Power
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)manufacturesTerraPower
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)suppliesVistra Corp
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)manufacturesX-energy
  • AI electricity demand / grid straindepends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Amazon Web Services (AWS)depends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Constellation EnergyusesNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Google Cloud (GCP)depends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Meta (AI Infrastructure)depends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Microsoft Azuredepends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)depends onNuclear Power (incl. SMRs)
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)designsNuScale Power
  • Nuclear Power (incl. SMRs)designsOklo