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Core ML Concepts · intermediate · concept 36 of 311 · Updated Nov 4, 2026

Knowledge Representation & Reasoning

Knowledge representation is the study of how to store facts and rules so that a machine can reason with them, using logic, ontologies, semantic networks and frames. It was the center of AI for decades. It has returned in knowledge graphs and neuro-symbolic systems, because language models are strong at wording and weak at guaranteed correct inference.

Key terms

First-order logicOntologyInference engineRDFDescription logic

Where you meet it in the real world

Knowledge graphs, medical and legal rule systems, schema.org, compliance checks