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NLP & Language · intermediate · concept 139 of 311 · Updated Nov 4, 2026

Question Answering

Question answering systems return a direct answer rather than a list of documents. Older systems extracted a span of text from a passage; modern ones retrieve sources and have a language model write the answer. The core risk is a fluent wrong answer, so a good system shows where the answer came from and can say it does not know.

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Key terms

Extractive versus generativeRetrievalCitationsGroundingUnanswerable questions

Where you meet it in the real world

AI search answers, support bots, document assistants, voice assistants